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As Margrethe Vestager concludes her remarkable ten-year tenure as the EU’s competition commissioner, her legacy is imbued with substantial accomplishments. The recent decision by the European Court of Justice, compelling Apple to pay back taxes and reining in Google’s market dominance, stands as a testament to Vestager’s unwavering commitment to fair competition. Despite the accolades, many believe she could have pushed even further. In comes Teresa Ribera, Spain’s current deputy prime minister, appointed by European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen to succeed Vestager. However, Ribera faces a daunting task with an expansive portfolio, tasked not only with competition enforcement but also navigating stringent climate targets and fostering a "clean industrial deal."

But why is competition enforcement so vital, and what lies ahead for Ribera in this dynamic landscape?

Competition Enforcement in Public Interest
- Competition enforcement is a powerful tool for shaping markets to serve public interests.
- Rising market concentration in Europe has raised prices, depressed wages, stifled innovation, and weakened the continent’s resilience.
- Corporate consolidation adversely affects not only consumer welfare but also broader societal objectives like employment, sustainability, innovation, and media plurality.
Challenges and Opportunities for Ribera
- Ribera faces immediate pressure to adopt a different approach to competition policy than her predecessor.
- Calls to align competition, industrial, and trade policies underscore the need for a more holistic strategy.
- The Biden administration’s integrated policy approach serves as a compelling model for the EU to emulate.

While Ribera navigates this multifaceted landscape, she must resist the allure of fostering monopolistic European champions. Instead, designing industrial policies that promote competition and leveraging digital regulations to curb tech giants’ abuses of power must be her priority. The recent decision to divide the competition and digital portfolios may prove to be a step backwards, hindering cohesive policy alignment.

It is crucial for EU competition policy to acknowledge that escalating market concentration extends beyond economic ramifications to pose significant political challenges. Addressing issues such as inflation, wage stagnation, and barriers to entrepreneurship is not just an economic imperative but a prerequisite for restoring faith in the economic and democratic systems.

As Ribera assumes her new role, the task at hand is clear – championing fair competition, advancing societal welfare, and paving the way for a more competitive, resilient, and inclusive European market. Embracing a comprehensive approach that intertwines competition enforcement with broader policy objectives will be key to shaping a marketplace that prioritizes public interests and empowers businesses, consumers, and society at large.