Canadians have been facing challenges with purchasing power, as inflation and higher interest rates have been impacting households since 2022, a recent report by the parliamentary budget officer reveals. While wealthier households have witnessed an increase in purchasing power due to investment income, lower-income families have been struggling to keep up.
Key points from the report include:
- The average purchasing power of Canadian households has risen by 21 percent since the last quarter of 2019, driven by government transfers, wage gains, and net investment income.
- However, the impact of inflation and monetary policy tightening has been unequal, affecting households differently based on income levels.
- Lower-income households have seen their purchasing power diminish, as small income increases were insufficient to offset the effects of inflation.
- Inflation rates surged in 2021 due to rising raw material costs and supply chain disruptions, putting pressure on prices and leading to a decline in household purchasing power.
- The Bank of Canada responded by increasing its key interest rates, reaching five percent by mid-2023, further impacting households’ mortgage payments and investment income.
- While the wealthiest households experienced a net increase in income over inflation and boosted purchasing power in 2023, others saw stagnation or deterioration in their purchasing power.
The report indicates that although overall household purchasing power has been higher in the first quarter of 2024 compared to the end of 2019, the rise in inflation and tighter monetary policies have negatively impacted lower-income households.
Finance Minister Chrystia Freeland highlighted the relief provided by lower interest rates for homeowners, emphasizing that wages have been outpacing inflation for 19 consecutive months. This ongoing trend means that Canadians’ paycheques are stretching further, providing some respite in the face of economic challenges.
As the Bank of Canada continues to adjust its key rates in response to inflation targets, there remains hope for improved purchasing power and financial stability for households across Canada.
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